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Hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa Stearic (SA) ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻololi pae (PCM) i nā mea mālama ikehu. Ma kēia haʻawina, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano sol-gel e microencapsulate i ka surfactant shell SiO2. Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻano nui like ʻole o SA (5, 10, 15, 20, 30, a me 50 g) i loko o 10 mL o tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). Ua wehewehe ʻia ka mea hoʻololi pae microencapsulated synthesized (MEPCM) e ka spectroscopy infrared Fourier transform (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), a me ka scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ua hōʻike nā hopena ʻano ua hoʻopili pono ʻia ʻo SA e SiO2. Ua hōʻike ka loiloi Thermogravimetric (TGA) he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa wela o MEPCM ma mua o CA. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i loli ka waiwai enthalpy o MEPCM ma hope o 30 mau pōʻaiapuni hoʻomehana-hoʻoluʻu. Ma waena o nā laʻana microencapsulated āpau, ʻo 50 g o SA i loaʻa iā MEPCM ka wela latent kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka paʻa ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi he 182.53 J/g a me 160.12 J/g. Ua helu ʻia ka waiwai pono o ka pūʻolo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻikepili thermal a ua loaʻa ka pono kiʻekiʻe loa no ka laʻana like ʻo 86.68%.
Ma kahi o 58% o ka ikehu i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale e hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomehana a hoʻoluʻu i nā hale1. No laila, ʻo ka mea pono loa ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana ikehu kūpono e noʻonoʻo ana i ka haumia o ke kaiapuni2. Hiki i ka ʻenehana wela latent e hoʻohana ana i nā mea hoʻololi pae (PCM) ke mālama i ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe ma nā haʻalulu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa3,4,5,6 a hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia ma nā kahua e like me ka hoʻoili wela, ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu lā, ka aerospace a me ka ea hoʻoluʻu7,8,9. Hoʻopili ka PCM i ka ikehu wela mai nā waho o ka hale i ke ao a hoʻokuʻu i ka ikehu i ka pō10. No laila, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā mea hoʻololi pae e like me nā mea mālama ikehu wela. Eia kekahi, aia nā ʻano PCM like ʻole e like me ka paʻa-paʻa, ka paʻa-wai, ka wai-kino a me ke kinoea paʻa11. I waena o lākou, ʻo nā mea hoʻololi pae kaulana loa a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia he mau mea hoʻololi pae paʻa-paʻa a me nā mea hoʻololi pae paʻa-wai. Eia naʻe, he paʻakikī loa kā lākou noi ma muli o nā loli volumetric nui o nā mea hoʻololi pae wai-kino a me ke kinoea paʻa.
Loaʻa i ka PCM nā noi like ʻole ma muli o kona mau waiwai: hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea e heheʻe ana i nā mahana ma lalo o 15°C i nā ʻōnaehana ea e mālama i nā mahana anuanu, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea e heheʻe ana i nā mahana ma luna o 90°C i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomehana e pale aku i nā ahi12. Ma muli o ka noi a me ka pae hoʻoheheʻe, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻololi pae like ʻole mai nā kemika organik a me nā inorganic like ʻole13,14,15. ʻO Paraffin ka mea hoʻololi pae i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me ka wela latent kiʻekiʻe, non-corrosiveness, palekana a me kahi pae hoʻoheheʻe ākea16,17,18,19,20,21.
Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke alakaʻi wela haʻahaʻa o nā mea hoʻololi pae, pono lākou e hoʻopili ʻia i loko o kahi pūpū (papa waho) e pale ai i ka leakage o ka mea kumu i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻololi pae22. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā hewa hana a i ʻole ke kaomi waho ke hōʻino i ka papa waho (cladding), a hiki i ka mea hoʻololi pae heheʻe ke pane me nā mea hale, e hana ana i ka pala o nā kaola kila i hoʻokomo ʻia, a laila e hōʻemi ana i ka lawelawe ʻana o ka hale23. No laila, he mea nui e synthesize i nā mea hoʻololi pae i hoʻopili ʻia me nā mea pūpū lawa, hiki ke hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia i luna24.
Hiki i ka Microencapsulation o nā mea hoʻololi pae ke hoʻonui pono i ka hoʻoili wela a hōʻemi i ka reactivity kaiapuni, a kāohi i nā loli o ka nui. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻano hana like ʻole no ka encapsulation PCM, ʻo ia hoʻi ka polymerization interfacial25,26,27,28, in situ polymerization29,30,31,32, coacervation33,34,35 a me nā kaʻina hana sol-gel36,37,38,39. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka resin Formaldehyde no ka microencapsulation40,41,42,43. Hoʻohana ʻia nā resins Melamine-formaldehyde a me urea-formaldehyde ma ke ʻano he mau mea pūpū, kahi e hoʻopuka pinepine ai i ka formaldehyde ʻawahia i ka wā o ka hana. No laila, ua pāpā ʻia kēia mau mea mai ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻopili. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻololi pae aloha kaiapuni no ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu wela scalable me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nanocapsules hybrid e pili ana i nā waikawa momona a me ka lignin 44.
Ua hana ʻo Zhang et al 45 et al i ka synthesize ʻana o ka lauric acid mai ka tetraethyl orthosilicate a ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka lakio o ka methyltriethoxysilane i ka tetraethyl orthosilicate, e emi ana ka wela latent a e piʻi ana ka hydrophobicity o ka ʻili. Hiki i ka Lauric acid ke lilo i mea kumu kūpono a maikaʻi no nā fibers kapok46. Eia kekahi, ua hana ʻo Latibari et al. 47 i nā PCM stearic acid-based me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā TiO2 ma ke ʻano he mea pūpū. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Zhu et al. i nā nanocapsules n-octadecane a me silicone ma ke ʻano he PCM kūpono 48. Mai kahi loiloi o ka palapala, he paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i ka dosage i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā mea hoʻololi pae microencapsulated maikaʻi a paʻa.
No laila, i ka ʻike o nā mea kākau, ʻo ka nui o ka mea hoʻololi pae i hoʻohana ʻia no ka microencapsulation he mea nui ia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻololi pae microencapsulated kūpono a paʻa. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nui like ʻole o nā mea hoʻololi pae e ʻae iā mākou e wehewehe i nā waiwai like ʻole a me ke kūpaʻa o nā mea hoʻololi pae microencapsulated. ʻO ka waikawa stearic (waikawa momona) he mea pili i ke kaiapuni, he mea nui i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a he mea hoʻokele waiwai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka ikehu wela no ka mea he waiwai enthalpy kiʻekiʻe kona (~200 J/g) a hiki ke kū i nā mahana a hiki i 72 °C. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke lapalapa ʻo SiO2, hāʻawi i ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ka conductivity thermal a me ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi i nā mea kumu, a hana ma ke ʻano he mea pozzolanic i ke kūkulu ʻana. Ke hui ʻia ka sima me ka wai, hiki i nā PCM i hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ke haki ma muli o ka ʻaʻahu mechanical a me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (wela o ka hydration) i hana ʻia i loko o nā hale sima nui. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka microencapsulated CA me kahi pūpū SiO2 hiki ke hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia. No laila, ʻo ka pahuhopu o kēia noiʻi, ʻo ia ke noiʻi i ka hana a me ka pono o nā PCM i synthesized ʻia e ke kaʻina hana sol-gel i nā noi kūkulu. Ma kēia hana, ua aʻo pono mākou i nā nui like ʻole o SA (ma ke ʻano he mea kumu) o 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 a me 50 g i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o nā pūpū SiO2. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi nui paʻa o ka tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) i loko o ka nui o 10 ml ma ke ʻano he hopena mua no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka pūpū SiO2.
Ua kūʻai ʻia ka waikawa stearic papa reactive (SA, C18H36O2, kiko heheʻe: 72°C) ma ke ʻano he mea nui mai Daejung Chemical & Metals Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi-do, Kōlea Hema. Ua kūʻai ʻia ʻo Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS, C8H20O4Si) ma ke ʻano he hopena mua mai Acros Organics, Geel, Pelekiuma. Eia kekahi, ua kūʻai ʻia ka ethanol absolute (EA, C2H5OH) a me ka sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS, C12H25NaO4S) mai Daejung Chemical & Metals Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, Kōlea Hema, a ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻoheheʻe a me nā surfactants. Hoʻohana ʻia ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe.
Ua hui pū ʻia nā nui like ʻole o SA me nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) i loko o 100 mL o ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻoulu magnetic ma 800 rpm a me 75 °C no 1 h (Papa 1). Ua māhele ʻia nā emulsions SA i ʻelua mau pūʻulu: (1) 5, 10 a me 15 g o SA i hui pū ʻia me 0.10 g o SLS i loko o 100 ml o ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (SATEOS1, SATEOS2 a me SATEOS3), (2) 20, 30 a me 50 g o SA i hui pū ʻia me 0.15, 0.20 a me 0.25 g o SLS i hui pū ʻia me 100 ml o ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (SATEOS4, SATEOS5 a me SATEOS6). Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo 0.10 g SLS me 5, 10 a me 15 g SA e hana i nā emulsions. Ma hope mai, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui i ka helu o SLS no SATEOS4, SATEOS5 a me SATEOS6. Hōʻike ka Papa 1 i nā lakio o CA a me SLS i hoʻohana ʻia e loaʻa ai nā hopena emulsion paʻa.
E kau i 10 ml TEOS, 10 ml ethanol (EA) a me 20 ml wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi beaker 100 ml. No ke aʻo ʻana i ka pono o ka encapsulation o nā lakio like ʻole o nā pūpū SA a me SiO2, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke coefficient synthesis o nā laʻana āpau. Ua hoʻoulu ʻia ka hui ʻana me kahi mea hoʻoulu magnetic ma 400 rpm a me 60°C no 1 hola. A laila ua hoʻohui ʻia ka hopena precursor i kulu ʻia i ka emulsion SA i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, ua hoʻoulu ikaika ʻia ma 800 rpm a me 75°C no 2 mau hola, a kānana ʻia e loaʻa kahi pauka keʻokeʻo. Ua holoi ʻia ka pauka keʻokeʻo me ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e wehe i ke koena SA a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia i loko o ka umu vacuum ma 45°C no 24 mau hola. ʻO ka hopena, ua loaʻa kahi SC microencapsulated me kahi pūpū o SiO2. Hōʻike ʻia ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa o ka synthesis a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka microencapsulated SA ma ke Kiʻi 1.
Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā microcapsules SA me kahi pūpū SiO2 e ke ʻano sol-gel, a ua hōʻike ʻia kā lākou ʻano encapsulation ma ke Kiʻi 2. ʻO ka hana mua e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi emulsion SA i loko o kahi hopena wai me SLS ma ke ʻano he surfactant. I kēia hihia, hoʻopaʻa ka hopena hydrophobic o ka mole SA i ka SLS, a ʻo ka hopena hydrophilic i nā mole wai, e hana ana i kahi emulsion paʻa. No laila, pale ʻia nā ʻāpana hydrophobic o SLS a uhi i ka ʻili o ka kulu SA. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hana mālie ka hydrolysis o nā hopena TEOS e nā mole wai, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o TEOS hydrolyzed i ke alo o ka ethanol (Kiʻi 2a) 49,50,51. Hoʻopilikia ka Hydrolyzed TEOS i kahi hopena condensation, kahi e hana ai ka n-hydrolyzed TEOS i nā hui silica (Kiʻi 2b). Ua hoʻopuni ʻia nā hui silica e SA52 i ke alo o SLS (Kiʻi 2c), i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kaʻina hana microencapsulation.
Kiʻikuhi kiʻikuhi o ka microencapsulation o CA me kahi pūpū o SiO2 (a) hydrolysis o TEOS (b) condensation o ka hydrolyzate a me (c) encapsulation o CA me kahi pūpū o SiO2.
Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka loiloi kemika o ka SA nui a me ka SA microencapsulated me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi spectrometer infrared Fourier transform (FT-IR, Perkin Elmer UATR Two, USA) a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā spectra ma ka pae mai 500 a 4000 cm-1.
Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi diffractometer X-ray (XRD, D/MAX-2500, Rigaku, Iapana) e kālailai i nā ʻāpana SA nui a me nā mea microcapsule. Ua hoʻokō ʻia ke scan ʻana i ke ʻano X-ray ma ka pae 2θ = 5°–95° me ka wikiwiki scan o 4°/min, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka radiation Cu-Kα (λ = 1.541 Å), nā kūlana hana o 25 kV a me 100 mA, ma ke ʻano scan mau. Ua kūkulu ʻia nā kiʻi X-ray ma ka pae 2θ = 5–50°, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe piko i ʻike ʻia ma hope o 50° ma nā laʻana āpau.
Ua hana ʻia ka X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Scienta Omicron R3000, USA) me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Al Kα (1486.6 eV) ma ke ʻano he kumu X-ray e hoʻomaopopo ai i ke kūlana kemika o ka bulk SA a me nā mea i loaʻa i loko o ka mea encapsulation. Ua hoʻoponopono ʻia nā spectra XPS i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka piko C 1s me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kalapona exotic (ikaika hoʻopaʻa 284.6 eV). Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono hope me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano Shirley, ua wehe ʻia nā piko kiʻekiʻe o kēlā me kēia mea a ua hoʻopili ʻia i nā hana Gaussian/Lorentzian me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka polokalamu CASA XPS.
Ua nānā ʻia ke ʻano o ka SC nui a me ka SC microencapsulated me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka microscopy electron scanning (SEM, MIRA3, TESCAN, Brno, Czech Republic) i lako me ka spectroscopy X-ray dispersive ikehu (EDS) ma 15 kV. Ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻana o SEM, ua uhi ʻia nā laʻana me ka platinum (Pt) e pale aku i nā hopena hoʻouka.
Ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā waiwai wela (kiko heheʻe/paʻa a me ka wela latent) a me ka hilinaʻi (kaʻapuni wela) e ka differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, TA Instrument, Discovery DSC, Newcastle, USA) ma ka wikiwiki hoʻomehana/hoʻoluʻu o 10 °C/min ma 40 °C. a me 90 °C me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe naikokene mau. Ua hana ʻia ka loiloi pohō kaumaha me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea kālailai TGA (TA Instrument, Discovery TGA, New Castle, USA) i loko o ke kahe mau o ka naikokene e hoʻomaka ana ma ka mahana o 40-600 °C, me ka wikiwiki hoʻomehana o 10 °C/min.
Hōʻike ka Kiʻi 3 i nā spectra FTIR o ka SC nui a me ka SC microencapsulated (SATEOS1, SATEOS2, SATEOS3, SATEOS4, SATEOS5 a me SATEOS6). ʻO nā piko omo ma 2910 cm-1 a me 2850 cm-1 i nā laʻana āpau (SA a me ka microencapsulated SA) ua pili i nā haʻalulu hoʻolōʻihi symmetrical o nā hui –CH3 a me –CH2, kēlā me kēia10,50. ʻO ka piko ma 1705 cm–1 e pili ana i ka hoʻolōʻihi haʻalulu o ka pilina C=O. ʻO nā piko ma 1470 cm-1 a me 1295 cm-1 ua pili i ka haʻalulu kūlou in-plane o ka hui hana –OH, ʻoiai ʻo nā piko ma 940 cm-1 a me 719 cm-1 e pili ana i ka haʻalulu in-plane a me ka yield. -plane deformation vibration, kēlā me kēia – OH hui. Ua ʻike ʻia nā piko omo o SA ma 2910, 2850, 1705, 1470, 1295, 940 a me 719 cm-1 i nā SA microencapsulated āpau. Eia kekahi, ua ʻike ʻia kahi piko hou i ʻike ʻia ma 1103 cm-1 e pili ana i ka haʻalulu hoʻolōʻihi antisymmetric o ka hui Si-O-Si i loko o ka microcapsule SA. Ua kūlike nā hopena FT-IR me Yuan et al. 50 Ua hoʻomākaukau pono lākou i ka microencapsulated SA ma ka lakio ammonia/ethanol a ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻohe pilina kemika i hana ʻia ma waena o SA a me SiO2. Hōʻike nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana o FT-IR i kēia manawa ua hoʻopili pono ka pūpū SiO2 iā SA (core) ma o ke kaʻina hana condensation a me ka polymerization o ka hydrolyzed TEOS. Ma ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻike SA, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika o ka hui Si-O-Si (Kiʻi 3b-d). I ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka SA i ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 g, ʻo ka ikaika o ka piko a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kāʻei Si-O-Si e emi mālie ana, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi papa lahilahi o SiO2 ma luna o ka ʻili o SA.
Nā spectra FTIR o (a) SA, (b) SATEOS1, (c) SATEOS2, (d) SATEOS3, (e) SATEOS4, (f) SATEOS5 a me (g) SATEOS6.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano XRD o ka SA nui a me ka SA microencapsulated ma ke Kiʻi 4. Aia nā piko XRD ma 2θ = 6.50° (300), 10.94° (500), 15.46° (700), 20.26° \((\overline {5}e like me JCPDS No. 0381923, 02)\), 21.42° ma nā laʻana āpau (311), 24.04° (602) a me 39.98° (913) i hāʻawi ʻia iā SA. ʻO ka distortion a me ka hybridity me ka CA nui ma muli o nā mea maopopo ʻole e like me ka surfactant (SLS), nā mea koena ʻē aʻe a me ka microencapsulation o SiO250. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka encapsulation, emi mālie ka ikaika o nā piko nui (300), (500), (311), a me (602) i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka CA nui, e hōʻike ana i ka emi ʻana o ka crystallinity o ka laʻana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona XRD o (a) SA, (b) SATEOS1, (c) SATEOS2, (d) SATEOS3, (e) SATEOS4, (f) SATEOS5 a me (g) SATEOS6.
Ua emi nui ka ikaika o SATEOS1 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā laʻana ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻohe piko ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia ma nā laʻana microencapsulated āpau (Kiʻi 4b–g), kahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka adsorption kino o SiO252 ma mua o ka launa pū ʻana o ke kemika ma ka ʻili SA. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻoholo ʻia hoʻi ʻaʻole i alakaʻi ka microencapsulation o SA i ke ʻano o kekahi mau ʻano hou. Noho paʻa ʻo SiO2 ma ka ʻili SA me ka ʻole o ka hopena kemika, a i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o SA, ʻike nui ʻia nā piko e kū nei (SATEOS1). Hōʻike kēia hopena e hoʻopuni nui ana ʻo SiO2 i ka ʻili SA. Nalo loa ka piko ma (700), a lilo ka piko ma \((\overline{5}02)\) i puʻu ma SATEOS 1 (Kiʻi 4b), kahi e pili ana me ka emi ʻana o ka crystallinity a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka amorphism. He ʻano amorphous ka SiO2, no laila, he puʻu a hoʻonui ʻia nā piko i ʻike ʻia mai 2θ = 19° a i 25° (Kiʻi 4b–g), kahi e hōʻoia ai i ke ola ʻana o ka amorphous SiO252. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka diffraction peak intensity o ka microencapsulated SA ma muli o ka hopena nucleation o ka paia o loko o ka silica a me ke ʻano crystallization palena49. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia me ka haʻahaʻa o ka SA, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi pūpū silica mānoanoa ma muli o ke alo o ka nui o TEOS, kahi i hoʻopili nui ʻia ma ka ʻili waho o ka SA. Eia naʻe, i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o SA, piʻi ka ʻili o nā droplets SA i loko o ka emulsion solution a koi ʻia ka TEOS hou aʻe no ka encapsulation kūpono. No laila, me ka kiʻekiʻe o ka SA, ua kāohi ʻia ka SiO2 peak ma FT-IR (Kiʻi 3), a emi ka ikaika o ka diffraction peak kokoke i 2θ = 19–25° ma XRF (Kiʻi 4) a emi pū ka hoʻonui ʻana. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 4, i ka wā e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka nui o SA mai 5 g (SATEOS1) a i 50 g (SATEOS6), kokoke loa nā piko i ka SA nui, a ʻike ʻia ka piko ma (700) me nā ikaika piko āpau i ʻike ʻia. Pili kēia hopena me nā hopena FT-IR, kahi e emi ai ka ikaika o ka piko SiO2 SATEOS6 ma 1103 cm-1 (Kiʻi 3g).
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā kūlana kemika o nā mea i loaʻa i loko o SA, SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6 ma nā Kiʻi 1 a me 2. Nā Kiʻi 5, 6, 7 a me 8 a me ka Papa 2. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā scan ana no ka nui o SA, SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6 ma ke Kiʻi 5 a ua hōʻike ʻia nā scan hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe no C 1s, O 1s a me Si 2p ma nā Kiʻi 5, 6, 7 a me 8 a me ka Papa 2. 6, 7 a me 8. Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā waiwai ikehu hoʻopaʻa i loaʻa e XPS ma ka Papa 2. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 5, ua ʻike ʻia nā piko Si 2s a me Si 2p maopopo ma SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6, kahi i hana ʻia ai ka microencapsulation o ka pūpū SiO2. Ua hōʻike mua nā mea noiʻi i kahi piko Si 2s like ma 155.1 eV54. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā piko Si ma SATEOS1 (Kiʻi 5b) a me SATEOS6 (Kiʻi 5c) e hōʻoia ana i ka ʻikepili FT-IR (Kiʻi 3) a me XRD (Kiʻi 4).
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 6 a, ʻekolu mau piko like ʻole o CC, caliphatic, a me O=C=O i ka ikehu hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā C 1s o ka bulk SA, ʻo ia hoʻi he 284.5 eV, 285.2 eV, a me 289.5 eV. Ua ʻike ʻia hoʻi nā piko C–C, caliphatic a me O=C=O ma SATEOS1 (Kiʻi 6b) a me SATEOS6 (Kiʻi 6c) a ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ma ka Papa 2. Ma waho aʻe o kēia, pili pū ka piko C 1s i kahi piko Si-C hou ma 283 .1 eV (SATEOS1) a me 283.5 eV (SATEOS6). Pili maikaʻi kā mākou mau ikehu hoʻopaʻa i ʻike ʻia no C–C, caliphatic, O=C=O a me Si–C me nā kumu ʻē aʻe55,56.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā spectra XPS o O1 SA, SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6 ma nā Kiʻi 7a–c, kēlā me kēia. Ua wehe ʻia ka piko O1s o ka bulk SA a he ʻelua mau piko, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo C=O/C–O (531.9 eV) a me C–O–H (533.0 eV), ʻoiai ʻo ka O1 o SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6 e kūlike ana. ʻekolu wale nō piko: C=O/C–O, C–O–H a me Si–OH55,57,58. Hoʻololi iki ka ikehu hoʻopaʻa O1s ma SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka bulk SA, kahi e pili ana me kahi loli i ka ʻāpana kemika ma muli o ke alo o SiO2 a me Si-OH i loko o ka mea pūpū.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā spectra Si 2p XPS o SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6 ma ke Kiʻi 8a a me b, kēlā me kēia. I loko o ka CA nui, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ʻo Si 2p ma muli o ka nele o SiO2. ʻO ka piko Si 2p e like me 105.4 eV no SATEOS1 a me 105.0 eV no SATEOS6, e like me Si-O-Si, ʻoiai ʻo ka piko SATEOS1 he 103.5 eV a ʻo ka piko SATEOS6 he 103.3 eV, e like me Si-OH55. Ua hōʻike ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka piko Si-O-Si a me Si-OH ma SATEOS1 a me SATEOS6 i ka microencapsulation holomua o SiO2 ma ka ʻili kumu SA.
He mea nui loa ke ʻano o ka mea microencapsulated, e pili ana i ka solubility, ke kūpaʻa, ka reactivity kemika, ke kahe ʻana a me ka ikaika59. No laila, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo SEM e wehewehe i ke ʻano o ka bulk SA (100×) a me ka microencapsulated SA (500×), e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 9. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 9a, he ʻano elliptical ka poloka SA. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻāpana ma mua o 500 microns. Eia naʻe, i ka manawa e hoʻomau ai ke kaʻina hana microencapsulation, loli nui ke ʻano, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma nā Kiʻi 9 b–g.
Nā kiʻi SEM o (a) SA (×100), (b) SATEOS1, (c) SATEOS2, (d) SATEOS3, (e) SATEOS4, (f) SATEOS5 a me (g) SATEOS6 ma ×500.
Ma ka laʻana SATEOS1, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana SA liʻiliʻi i kāʻei ʻia me ka SiO2 quasi-spherical me kahi ʻili ʻino (Kiʻi 9b), hiki ke kumu o ka hydrolysis a me ka condensation polymerization o TEOS ma ka ʻili SA, e hoʻolalelale ana i ka hoʻolaha wikiwiki ʻana o nā molekala ethanol. ʻO ka hopena, ua waiho ʻia nā ʻāpana SiO2 a ʻike ʻia ka agglomeration52,60. Hāʻawi kēia pūpū SiO2 i ka ikaika mechanical i nā ʻāpana CA microencapsulated a pale pū i ka leakage o ka CA heheʻe i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe10. Hōʻike kēia hopena e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā microcapsules SA e loaʻa ana ka SiO2 ma ke ʻano he mau mea mālama ikehu61. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ke Kiʻi 9b, loaʻa i ka laʻana SATEOS1 kahi hoʻolaha ʻāpana like me kahi papa SiO2 mānoanoa e hoʻopuni ana i ka SA. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻāpana o ka microencapsulated SA (SATEOS1) ma kahi o 10-20 μm (Kiʻi 9b), ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka bulk SA ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻike SA. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka papa microcapsule ma muli o ka hydrolysis a me ka condensation polymerization o ka hopena precursor. Hana ʻia ka Agglomeration ma nā dosis haʻahaʻa o SA, ʻo ia hoʻi a hiki i ka 15 g (Kiʻi 9b-d), akā i ka wā e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka dosage, ʻaʻohe agglomeration i ʻike ʻia, akā ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana poepoe i wehewehe pono ʻia (Kiʻi 9e-g) 62.
Eia kekahi, i ka wā e mau ai ka nui o ka SLS surfactant, hoʻopilikia pū ka ʻike SA (SATEOS1, SATEOS2 a me SATEOS3) i ka pono, ke ʻano a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka nui o ka ʻāpana. No laila, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo SATEOS1 e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, ka hoʻolaha like a me ka ʻili paʻa (Kiʻi 9b), kahi i hāʻawi ʻia i ke ʻano hydrophilic o SA e hoʻolaha ana i ka nucleation lua ma lalo o ka surfactant mau63. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike SA mai 5 a 15 g (SATEOS1, SATEOS2 a me SATEOS3) a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui mau o ka surfactant, ʻo ia hoʻi 0.10 g SLS (Papa 1), e emi ana ka hāʻawi ʻana o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka mole surfactant, a laila e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me ka nui o ka ʻāpana. ʻOkoʻa ka hoʻolaha ʻana o SATEOS2 (Kiʻi 9c) a me SATEOS3 (Kiʻi 9d) mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana o SATEOS 1 (Kiʻi 9b).
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me SATEOS1 (Kiʻi 9b), ua hōʻike ʻo SATEOS2 i kahi ʻano mānoanoa o ka microencapsulated SA a ua piʻi ka nui o ka ʻāpana (Kiʻi 9c). ʻO kēia ma muli o ka agglomeration 49, kahi e hoʻemi ai i ka nui o ka coagulation (Kiʻi 2b). I ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o SC me ka hoʻonui ʻana o SLS, ʻike maopopo ʻia nā microcapsules, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi. pehea e hana ai ka aggregation. Eia kekahi, hōʻike nā Kiʻi 9e-g he poepoe maopopo nā ʻāpana āpau i ke ʻano a me ka nui. Ua ʻike ʻia i ke alo o nā nui o SA, hiki ke loaʻa kahi nui kūpono o nā oligomers silica, e hana ana i ka condensation kūpono a me ka encapsulation a no laila ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā microcapsules i wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia49. Mai nā hopena SEM, ua maopopo ua hoʻokumu ʻo SATEOS6 i nā microcapsules like i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi liʻiliʻi o SA.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena o ka spectroscopy X-ray dispersive ikehu (EDS) o ka bulk SA a me ka microcapsule SA ma ka Papa 3. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai kēia papa, ua emi mālie ka nui o Si mai SATEOS1 (12.34%) a i SATEOS6 (2.68%). Hoʻonui ʻia ka SA. No laila, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o SA e alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka waiho ʻana o SiO2 ma ka ʻili o SA. ʻAʻohe waiwai kūlike no nā ʻike C a me O ma ka Papa 3 ma muli o ka nānā semi-quantitative o EDS51. Ua pili ka ʻike Si o ka microencapsulated SA me nā hopena FT-IR, XRD a me XPS.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka SA nui a me ka SA microencapsulated me ka pūpū SiO2 ma nā Kiʻi 1 a me 2. Ua hōʻike ʻia lākou ma nā Kiʻi 10 a me 11, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili thermal ma ka Papa 4. Ua ʻike ʻia he ʻokoʻa nā mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka SA microencapsulated. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka SA, piʻi ka mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana a hoʻokokoke i nā waiwai o ka SA nui. Ma hope o ka microencapsulation SA, hoʻonui ka paia silica i ka mahana crystallization, a hana kona paia ma ke ʻano he kumu e hoʻolaha i ka heterogeneity. No laila, i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka SA, piʻi mālie hoʻi nā mahana hoʻoheheʻe (Kiʻi 10) a me ka paʻa ʻana (Kiʻi 11)49,51,64. Ma waena o nā laʻana SA microencapsulated āpau, ua hōʻike ʻo SATEOS6 i nā mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa kiʻekiʻe loa, ukali ʻia e SATEOS5, SATEOS4, SATEOS3, SATEOS2, a me SATEOS1.
Hōʻike ʻo SATEOS1 i ke kiko heheʻe haʻahaʻa loa (68.97 °C) a me ka mahana paʻa (60.60 °C), ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā ʻāpana kahi i liʻiliʻi loa ai ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana SA i loko o nā microcapsules a hana ka pūpū SiO2 i kahi papa mānoanoa a no laila e kaupalena ana ʻo Core Material i ka hohola a me ka neʻe ʻana49. Pili kēia kuhiakau i nā hopena SEM, kahi i hōʻike ai ʻo SATEOS1 i kahi liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana (Kiʻi 9b), ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mole SA i loko o kahi liʻiliʻi loa o nā microcapsules. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o nā mahana heheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka nui nui, a me nā microcapsules SA āpau me nā pūpū SiO2, aia ma ka pae o 6.10–8.37 °C. Hōʻike kēia hopena hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka microencapsulated SA ma ke ʻano he mea mālama ikehu kūpono ma muli o ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi o ka pūpū SiO2 65.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka Papa 4, ʻo SATEOS6 ka enthalpy kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā SC microencapsulated āpau (Kiʻi 9g) ma muli o ka encapsulation kūpono i ʻike ʻia e SEM. Hiki ke helu ʻia ka helu hoʻopaʻa SA me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoohalike (1). (1) Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ʻikepili wela latent o microencapsulated SA49.
Hōʻike ka waiwai R i ke kekelē encapsulation (%) o ka microencapsulated SC, hōʻike ʻo ΔHMEPCM,m i ka wela latent o ka fusion o ka microencapsulated SC, a hōʻike ʻo ΔHPCM,m i ka wela latent o ka fusion o SC. Eia kekahi, ua helu ʻia ka pono o ka hoʻopili ʻana (%) ma ke ʻano he ʻano loea koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Equation (1). (2)49.
Hōʻike ka waiwai E i ka pono o ka encapsulation (%) o ka microencapsulated CA, hōʻike ʻo ΔHMEPCM,s i ka wela latent o ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka microencapsulated CA, a hōʻike ʻo ΔHPCM,s i ka wela latent o ka hoʻōla ʻana o CA.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa 4, ʻo ke kekelē hoʻopili a me ka pono o SATEOS1 he 71.89% a me 67.68%, kēlā me kēia, a ʻo ke kekelē hoʻopili a me ka pono o SATEOS6 he 90.86% a me 86.68%, kēlā me kēia (Papa 4). Hōʻike ka laʻana SATEOS6 i ke koina encapsulation kiʻekiʻe loa a me ka pono ma waena o nā SA microencapsulated āpau, e hōʻike ana i kona hiki ke hoʻomehana kiʻekiʻe. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka paʻa a i ka wai e pono ai ka nui o ka ikehu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana o nā microcapsules SA āpau a me ka SA nui i ka wā o ke kaʻina hoʻomaʻalili e hōʻike ana ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pūpū silica i ka wā o ka synthesis microcapsule. No laila, hōʻike nā hopena i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o SC, piʻi mālie ka wikiwiki o ka encapsulation a me ka pono (Papa 4).
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā piʻo TGA o ka SA nui a me ka microcapsule SA me kahi pūpū SiO2 (SATEOS1, SATEOS3 a me SATEOS6) ma ke Kiʻi 12. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā waiwai kūpaʻa wela o ka SA nui (SATEOS1, SATEOS3 a me SATEOS6) me nā laʻana microencapsulated. Ua maopopo mai ke piʻo TGA e hōʻike ana ka pohō kaumaha o ka SA nui a me ka SA microencapsulated i kahi emi mālie a liʻiliʻi loa mai 40°C a i 190°C. Ma kēia mahana, ʻaʻole e hana ka SC nui i ka decomposition thermal, ʻoiai ʻo ka SC microencapsulated e hoʻokuʻu i ka wai adsorbed ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana ma 45°C no 24 h. Ua hopena kēia i ka pohō kaumaha iki,49 akā ma waho o kēia mahana ua hoʻomaka ka mea e hōʻino. Ma ka haʻahaʻa o ka SA (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo SATEOS1), ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wai adsorbed a no laila ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pohō nui a hiki i ka 190°C (inset ma ke Kiʻi 12). I ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana ma luna o 190 °C, hoʻomaka ka hāpana e nalowale ke kaumaha ma muli o nā kaʻina hana palaho. Hoʻomaka ka palaho o ka Bulk SA ma 190 °C a ʻo 4% wale nō i koe ma 260 °C, ʻoiai ʻo SATEOS1, SATEOS3 a me SATEOS6 e mālama i 50%, 20% a me 12% ma kēia mahana, kēlā me kēia. Ma hope o 300 °C, ʻo ka nalowale o ke kaumaha o ka bulk SA ma kahi o 97.60%, ʻoiai ʻo ka nalowale o ke kaumaha o SATEOS1, SATEOS3, a me SATEOS6 ma kahi o 54.20%, 82.40%, a me 90.30%, kēlā me kēia. Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka SA, emi ka nui o ka SiO2 (Papa 3), a ʻike ʻia ka lahilahi o ka pūpū ma ka SEM (Kiʻi 9). No laila, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pohō kaumaha o ka microencapsulated SA i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka bulk SA, kahi i wehewehe ʻia e nā waiwai maikaʻi o ka pūpū SiO2, kahi e paipai ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi papa silicate-carbonaceous carbonaceous ma ka ʻili o SA, no laila e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka SA core a hoʻolohi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā huahana volatile hopena10. Hoʻokumu kēia papa char i kahi pale pale kino i ka wā o ka decomposition thermal, e kaupalena ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā molekala flammable i loko o ke kahua kinoea66,67. Ma waho aʻe o kēia, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā hopena pohō kaumaha koʻikoʻi: Hōʻike ʻo SATEOS1 i nā waiwai haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me SATEOS3, SATEOS6 a me SA. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o SA ma SATEOS1 ma mua o SATEOS3 a me SATEOS6, kahi e hana ai ka pūpū SiO2 i kahi papa mānoanoa. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, hiki i ka pohō kaumaha holoʻokoʻa o ka bulk SA i 99.50% ma 415 °C. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻo SATEOS1, SATEOS3, a me SATEOS6 i ka pohō kaumaha he 62.50%, 85.50%, a me 93.76%, ma 415 °C. Hōʻike kēia hopena e hoʻomaikaʻi ka hoʻohui ʻana o TEOS i ka hōʻino ʻana o SA ma ka hana ʻana i kahi papa SiO2 ma luna o ka ʻili o SA. Hiki i kēia mau papa ke hana i kahi pale pale kino, a no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa wela o ka microencapsulated CA.
ʻO nā hopena hilinaʻi thermal o ka bulk SA a me ka laʻana microencapsulated maikaʻi loa (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo SATEOS 6) ma hope o 30 mau pōʻaiapuni hoʻomehana a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o DSC51,52 e hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 13. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole hōʻike ka bulk SA (Kiʻi 13a) i kekahi ʻokoʻa i ka mahana hoʻoheheʻe. solidification a me ka waiwai enthalpy, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻo SATEOS6 (Kiʻi 13b) i kekahi ʻokoʻa i ka mahana a me ka waiwai enthalpy ma hope o ke kaʻina hoʻomehana 30. Ua hōʻike ʻo Bulk SA i kahi kiko hoʻoheheʻe o 72.10 °C, kahi mahana solidification o 64.69 °C, a ʻo ka wela o ka fusion a me ka solidification ma hope o ke kaʻina hana mua he 201.0 J/g a me 194.10 J/g, kēlā me kēia. Ma hope o ke kaʻina hana 30, ua emi ka kiko hoʻoheheʻe o kēia mau waiwai i 71.24 °C, ua emi ka mahana solidification i 63.53 °C, a ua emi ka waiwai enthalpy ma 10%. ʻO nā loli i nā mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana, a me ka emi ʻana o nā waiwai enthalpy, e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole hilinaʻi ʻia ka nui o CA no nā noi non-microencapsulation. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka microencapsulation kūpono (SATEOS6), ʻaʻole e loli nā mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana a me nā waiwai enthalpy (Kiʻi 13b). Ke hoʻopili ʻia me nā pūpū SiO2, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo SA ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻololi pae i nā noi thermal, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana, ma muli o kona mau mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana a me ka enthalpy paʻa.
Nā piʻo DSC i loaʻa no nā laʻana SA (a) a me SATEOS6 (b) ma ka 1 a me 30 mau pōʻaiapuni hoʻomehana a me ka hoʻoluʻu.
Ma kēia haʻawina, ua hoʻokō ʻia kahi noiʻi ʻōnaehana o ka microencapsulation me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā SA ma ke ʻano he mea kumu a me SiO2 ma ke ʻano he mea pūpū. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo TEOS ma ke ʻano he mea mua e hana i kahi papa kākoʻo SiO2 a me kahi papa pale ma ka ʻili SA. Ma hope o ka hoʻohuihui holomua ʻana o ka microencapsulated SA, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena FT-IR, XRD, XPS, SEM a me EDS i ke alo o SiO2. Hōʻike ka loiloi SEM e hōʻike ana ka laʻana SATEOS6 i nā ʻāpana poepoe i wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā pūpū SiO2 ma ka ʻili SA. Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike ka MEPCM me ka haʻahaʻa o ka SA i ka agglomeration, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka hana o PCM. Ua hōʻike ka loiloi XPS i ke alo o Si-O-Si a me Si-OH i nā laʻana microcapsule, kahi i hōʻike i ka adsorption o SiO2 ma ka ʻili SA. Wahi a ka loiloi hana wela, hōʻike ʻo SATEOS6 i ka hiki ke mālama wela maikaʻi loa, me nā mahana hoʻoheheʻe a me ka paʻa ʻana o 70.37°C a me 64.27°C, kēlā me kēia, a me ka wela latent o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka paʻa ʻana o 182.53 J/g a me 160.12 J/g. G. kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka pono hoʻopili kiʻekiʻe loa o SATEOS6 he 86.68%. Ua hōʻoia ka loiloi pōʻaiapuni wela TGA a me DSC e loaʻa mau ana iā SATEOS6 ka paʻa wela maikaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi ma hope o 30 mau kaʻina hana hoʻomehana a hoʻomaʻalili.
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